Plural orifice fan shaped spray nozzle



Dec. 13, 1960 E. J. O'BRIEN ETAL PLURAL ORIFICE FAN SHAPED SPRAY NOZZLEFiled Nov. 18, 1955 IN VEN TORS if ware/J UBrZezz "v ea 7 Wad Zz'zzUnited States Patent PLURAL ORIFICE FAN SHAPED SPRAY NOZZLE Edward J.OBrien, Bellwood, and Fred W. Wahlin, Kane County, 11]., assiguors toSpraying Systems 00., Bellwood, Ill., a corporation of Illinois FiledNov. 18, 1955, Ser. No. 547,594

3 Claims. (Cl. 239-544) This invention relates to 'nozzles for producinga fan shaped spray and has reference more particularly to the provisionof such nozzles with several separate orifices arranged'to conjointlyproduce the fan sha'pedspray.

' In many spraying operationsin which fan shaped spray nozzles areemployed it is important to provide a wide fanw-i'seispread with certainfanwise portions thereof Y projected "at a far flung 'distanceconsiderably. greater than the distance of other portions of the spray,and it is important not only to provide a spray discharge which willinsure such desired far flung distance "of spray but also to proportionthe volume'throughout the fanwise "expanseof the spray so that the spraydeposit is uniform throu'ghout the range of coverage thereof.

'In field and roadside spraying, for example, in which it is oftentimesinconvenient or"impractical to distribute "nozzles throughoufthe widerangeof coverage which is 'required,it"is customary to employnozzleswhich have an elongated arcuate relatively narrow orificewhich'extends crosswise of the'no'zzle and is. off center with'at leastmost of the length thereof atone side of the nozzle sothat one end iswell down thatside of the nozzle and discharges sidewise therefrom, andthe other end is 'at' or 'sufficientlynear the nozzle end to dischargeforwardly therefrom or to some'extent toward the other side of lthenozzle, and the arcuate orifice is formed 'to provide -large volume ofdischarge sidewise from the nozzle for projection thereof -to'thedesired far flung distance and to "diminish the volume toward the otheror forward end of the orifice-where the spray therefrom is deposited ata: shorter distance from or near'tothe nozzle.

Such nozzles are generally mounted in pairsfor field spraying and thelike so'that eachdischarges sidewise to the far flung distance in adirection opposite to that of the other nozzle, and with the spray fromtheouter or forward ends of their orifices meeting or overlapping midwaybetween their far flung places of spraying so as to provide a continuousswath of spray deposited from the farflung place of spray deposit fromthe one nozzle -to the far flung place of spray deposit from the other-nozzle; whereas in roadside spraying, or the like, a

single nozzle is usually employed-for the roadside and is arranged todischarge sidewise from the road to the ,remote side limits of theroadside, and with the other or forward end of the orifice dischargingat the inner limits of the roadside and so that the spray is distributedacross the entire width of roadside area.

Considerable difiiculty has been experienced heretofore,

however, in obtaining with such nozzles the desired far flungdistanceofs-pray deposit and uniformity of spray deposit throughout the fanwiserange of distribution of thespray.

2,964,248 Patented Dec. 13, 1960 'in the drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a nozzle made in accordance with the presentinvention;

Fig.2 is a view looking at the right hand end of the nozzle of Fig. 1and showing the spray discharge end thereof;

Fig.3 is a side view of the nozzle taken from the top of Fig. 1 andshowing that side of the'nozzle from which spray is dischargedtherefrom;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view looking at the left'hand end of the nozzle ofFig. 1;

Fig. 5 is an'enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the nozzle taken onthe line 55 of Fig. 2; and showing spray discharging from the twoorifices thereof;

Fig. 6 is a side view of an assembly of two of the nozzles on a mountingfor conjoint spraying;

Fig. 7 is a view of the assembly of Fig. 6 taken. from i the bottom ofFig. 6;

- said bodyalso being provided at .the same end. thereof at which thecavity is located with an externalannular Fig. 8 'is'& top view,somewhat diagrammatic of the spray produced by the assembly of- Figs. 6and 7;

Fig. 9 is a view of a nozzle similar to that of Fig. L2,

incorporated in-a nozzle assembly; and

Fig. 10 is a view of a modified formof the nozzle looking at the outerdischarge end thereof.

The nozzle which is shown in the drawing asillustr'ative of thepresentinvention, is in' the form of a nozzle tip, such as commonly employed innozzles, for example in the nozzle of 'Wahlin Patent No. 2,621,078, andcom prises a generally cylindricalbody 11 which has in one end thereof,hereafter referred to as the rear end orkthe mounting end, a cavity 12which is internally-threaded so that it may be screwed directly ona'pipe or on afthreaded fitting of a liquid supply line as shownyforexample -in Figs. 6 and 7, so as to serve alone as the nozzle, ftheflange 1-4 by which the body may be clampedontma supporting member orpart, as indicated for example in -Fig. 9, to form a nozzle assemblyinwhichthe body- 11 serves as the nozzle tip thereof.

Thus, althoughthe body 11 with its passages and orifices is referred toherein as a nozzle, it is to beunderstood that the termnozzle asusedherein contemplates forms of the invention which serve alone as anozzleor which serve as a nozzle tip of a'nozzle assembly.

At its other end, which is referred .tohereinafter as the discharge endor the outer end, or the forward. end, the

body 11 hasa flat end face-15 aroundwhichthe end of I the body ispreferably beveled as indicated at 16, and two laterally spaced passagesare provided within 'the body, at opposite sides respectively of thelongitudinal center line AA ofthe nozzle body, and both-of which saidThe principal objects of the invention are to provide an'improv'edfan'shapedspray nozzle; to avoid the difficulty-mentioned above whichhas been experienced heretofore withnozzles of the above indicated fieldand roads'idespraying type; to insure better control of the distance anddistribution of the spray; to provide regulation'of to a "small passageportionj213the latt'er of whit: V "minat'es'in an outer end 22 also of"rounded dome"'shape passages extend from the cavity 12 toward the outerend of the body but terminate at a distance therefrom.

One of these passages, which is indicated at 17, terminates in an outerend 18 of rounded dome shape which is relatively remote from the outerend of;t he' body and the other of said passages is of"steppedform'comprising a large diameter portion 19' which 'isjstlepp'eddown twhichis relatively close to the outer endof the body, all of which isclearly shown in Fig. 5, the enlargement 19 of the passage 19, 21 beingprovided particularly as a manu- .facturingexpedient for precision-indrilling the smaller portion 21.

,- The rounded end 18 of the passage 17 is preferably of hemisphericaldome shape and the rounded end 22' of somewhat pointed dome shape asshown.

The passages 17 and 19, 21 are located in a diametrical plane of thebody 11 at the center line AA thereof and the outer end portionof thebody is preferably cut away at opposite sides of that diametrical plane,as at 23, to provide opposite flat facesfor wrench engagement.

Two grooves 24 and 25, preferably of V-shape, are cut respectively inthe side and in the outer end of the .body 11, bothin the aforesaiddiametrical plane of the passages 17 and 19, 21, andthe side groove 24is quite deep at one end where it opens through the outer end of thebody 11 and it extends a substantial distance down the side of the body11 at a progressively diminishing depth so that it cuts through orintersects the outer end of the passage 17 at one side thereof, as shownin Fig. 5, and thereby forms partly at the end but mostly at the side ofthe passage 17 an elongated orifice 26 through which liquid supplied tothe passage 17 discharges in a relatively narrow angle fan shaped spraystream 27, the general direction of which is sidewise from the body 11with one fanwise margin 28 of the spray stream directlyor almostdirectly sidewise from the body and the other fanwise margin 29 thereofsloping forwardly to an appreciable extent, The other groove 25 leads atone end into the outer end of the side groove 24 and is quite deep atthat end and slopes forwardly from thedeep end thereof, across the outerend of the body 11 at a progressively decreasing depth as shown, so thatit cuts through or intersects the outer end of the small passage portion21 of the stepped passage 19, 21 almost completely thereacross but lowerI down the rounded end 22 at the passage 17 side thereof than at theopposite side, as shown in Fig. 5 so as to form an elongated orifice 30through which liquid is discharged from the passage portion 21 in arelatively wide angle fan shaped spray stream 31, the mean direction ofwhich is almost equally forwardly from the outer end of the body 11 andsidewise from the body with one fanwise margin 32 thereof extendingalmost directly sidewise from the body 11 at the orifice 26 sidethereof, and leading obliquely toward the other spray stream 27, and theother 1 fanwise margin 33 thereof extending almost directly forwardlyfrom the outer end of the body and preferably slightly toward theopposite side of the body 11 as shown "in Fig. 5.

As the grooves 24 and 25 are in the diametrical plane of the passages 17and 19, 21 the elongated orifices 26 and 30 and the spray streams 27 and31 therefrom, are likewise in that plane, and the said orifices 26 and30 are arranged so that the spray streams 27 and 31 overlap at theadjoining fanwise margin thereof sufiiciently to produce a continuouscomposite fan shaped spray from the fanwise margin 28 to the fanwisemargin 33.

The orifice 26 is relatively larger than and generally about twice thesize of the orifice 30 to provide the required volume for its distantrange of coverage, the orifice 30 being smaller for its closer range ofcoverage, and the orifices 26 and 30 are arranged so that the streamstherefl'0l1i overlap sufiiciently at their adjoining fanwise margins toprovide the necessary volume at that place for appropriate coverage..The employment of separate orifices for the respective outermost. andinnermost portions of the spray deposit range and the overlappingthereof at the place where they combine vwith one another permits suchregional regulation of the'spray volume throughoutrthe, range of spraydeposit from wthe outermost limit thereof distantlyfrom the spray nozzleto the innermost limit thereof where it is nearest to the spray nozzlethat a high degree of uniformity of spray deposit is obtainedthroughout'the range thereof.

As a specific example of the invention, a nozzle of the Fig. 5construction, having a total capacity of 3.2 gallons per minute at 40pounds per square inch, may be made as follows:

The passages 17 and 19, 21 are each centered at a distance of 177thousandths of an inch from the center 'line AA of the body 11 andparallel therewith .and the diameter of the passage 17 is 201thousandths of an inch, and the outer end 18 of said passage ishemispherical and curved on a radius of one half the passage diameterand located seven sixteenths of an inch from the outer end face 15 ofthe body.-

The small outer end portion 21 of the passage 19, 21 is 116 thousandthsof an inch in diameter with the rounded outer end 22 somewhat pointedandcurved to the pointed end thereof on a radius of two thirds thediameter of the portion 21, and this outer end 22 of the passage portion21 terminates at a distance of 25 thousandths of an inch from the outerend face 15 of the body 11.

Both orifices 26 and 30 of this specific example are made by cutting therespective grooves 24 and 25 thereof with three inch diameter rotarycutters with V-shaped cutter edge at the periphery thereof, the V-edgeof the cutter for the orifice 17 having a 90 degree included angle andthe V-edge of that cutter, while rotating and maintained with its centerof rotation in a line which is perpendicular to the center line AA ofthe nozzle body at a place 336 thousandths of an inch beyond the forwardextremity of the rounded end 18 of the passage 17, is projected inwardalong that perpendicular line into the side of the body 11 to a depth176 thousandths of an inch from the center line AA at said perpendicularline, this depth being one thousandths of an inch from the center lineof the passage 17.

The cutter for the orifice 30 has a V-shaped cutter edge of 42 degreesincluded angle and while this cutter is rotating and maintained with thecenter of rotation thereof in a line paralleling and 758 thousandths ofan inch from the center line AA of the nozzle body at the opposite sideof that center line AA from the passage 19, 21, it is projected towardthe nozzle body end along that said paralleling line until the center ofthe cutter reaches a line perpendicular to the center line AA of thenozzle body at a distance of 1113 thousandths of an inch from theforward extremity of the rounded end 22 of the passage portion 21.

As the last mentioned cutter wears down and is resharpened, the distanceof its center from the center line AA of the nozzle and the extent ofits movement toward the nozzle body is varied to compensate for itsdecreased diameter.

In the operation of the cutter which is projected into the side of thenozzle body as aforesaid, the groove 24 is cut at place and to a depthto intersect the outer end of the passage 17 and thereby produce anorifice 26 having a capacity of 2.2 gallons per minute at 40 pounds persquare inch and in the operation of the cutter which is projected intothe end of the nozzle body as aforcsaid, the groove 25 is cut at a placeand to a depth to intersect the outer end of the passage portion 21 andthereby produce an orifice 30 having a capacity ,of 1 gallon per minuteat 40, pounds per square inch. i

The orifice 26 of the above described specific example I produces a fanshaped spray of 20 to 25 degree angle and the orifice 22 a fan shapedspray of to degree .angle, and with a pressure of 40 pounds per squaressesses 17 and" 1'9," 21 therein, but in' the example is preferably madeof one and one eighth diameter stock turned down to 995 thousandths ofan inch diameter beyond the flange 14 and has an overall length of oneand five eighths example, with orifices 26 and 30 also of apprporiatesizes, and moreover the 'sizeand relative sizes of the passages 17 and19, 21 and the shape of their rounded ends, and the location and size ofthe orifices 26 and 30 and the length and width thereof may be varied asdesired or necessary to modify or change the spray characteristics ofthe orifices 26 and 30 to proportion the volume and'distribution of thespray throughout its fanwise range.

While it is preferred to arrange the passages -17 and 19, 21 and theirorifices 26 and 30, and the grooves 24 and 25 in the same diametricalplane of the body 11 as explained above, it is not essential, asseparate laterally spaced grooves 24 and 25 may be employed which are inseparate parallel planes at right angles to the diametrical plane of thepassages 17 and 19, 21 so that the orifices 26 and 30 and spray streamstherefrom are likewise in the said separate parallel planes and spacedsidewise from one another.

'Such side by side arrangement of the grooves and orifices is shown inFig. wherein the nozzle body 11 has passages 17 and 19 like those of thenozzle of Figs. 1 through 5, the passage 19 of which is to be understoodto have a stepped down outer end portion like the small passage portion.21 shown in Fig. 5.

A groove 34, like the groove 24 of the previously described structure(but differently located), extends down the side of the nozzle body ofFig. 10 and intersects the outer end of the passage 23 to provide anorifice 35 therefrom which is the same as the orifice 26 of thepreviously described structure, but this groove 34 and the orifice 35,instead of being located in the diametrical plane of the passages 17 and19 are in an off center plane at the longitudinal axis of the passage 17and extending lengthwise of the body 111 at right angles to thediametrical plane of the passages 17 and 19.

Also in said Fig. 10, a groove 36, which is like the groove 25 of thepreviously described structure, extends across the outer end of the bodyand intersects the outer end of the small passage portion 21 at the endof the passage 19 to provide an orifice 37 from the passage portion 21which is the same as the orifice 30 of the previously describedstructure, but the groove 36 and the orifice 37, instead of beinglocated in the diametrical plane of the passages 17 and 19, are in anoff center plane which is at the longitudinal axis of the passage 19, 21and extends lengthwise of the body 11 at right angles to the saiddiametrical plane of the body 11 and is parallel with and laterallyspaced from the plane of the other groove 34 and orifice 35.

The orifices 35 and 37 discharge sidewise from the nozzle body towardthe same side thereof in the same manner as the corresponding orifices26 and 30 of the nozzle body of Fig. 5 except that the spray streamsfrom the orifices 35 and 37 are in parallel planes spaced slightlyapart, whereas the spray streams from the orifices 26 and 30 are in acommon plane, and the spray streams from the orifices 35 and 37 overlapand together form a composite fan shaped spray like that produced by theorifices 26 and 30 of the spray nozzle of Fig. 5.

For field spraying or the like, two of the above described nozzles arepreferably paired together in side by side relation, as shown in Figs. 6and 7, on a plate 38 which may be provided with a mounting screw 39 atthe center and has openings therethrough at the opposite endsfor'attachment of the' nozzles, the said nozzles being indicated in saidfigures by the reference numeral 11.

A separate hose 40 is provided foreach nozzle to supply liquid theretoand each hose has on the end thereof a fitting 41 of bushing type with awrench flange42 and externally threaded sleeve portion 43 therebeyondwhich extends through one of the opposite end openings of the plate 38and is screwedinto'the threaded cavity 12 of the respective nozzle, thethreaded sleeve portion 43 of each fitting 41 having a lock nut 44thereon at the opposite side of the plate 38 from the nozzle forclamping the latter in a fixed position on the plate.

Because of the flexibility of the hoses 40 each nozzle 11, when securedon the end of the respective fitting 41 may be turned in the opening ofthe plate 38 when the lock nut 44 is released and thereby adjusted asdesired for inclination of the spray from the nozzle and held in theselected position of adjustment thereof by setting the clamp nut 44against the plate 38.

Each nozzle 11. is adjusted on the plate 38 and set so that eachdischarges sidewise in a direction opposite to the sidewise dischargefrom the other and preferably so that the direction of sidewisedischarge from each is di rected slightly upward in the directionindicated by the lines 45 in Fig. 7 which are preferably at an angle ofabout 20 degrees to the horizontal.

A top view of the combined spray of two nozzles paired together on aplate 3-8 as in Figs. 6 and 7 is shown in Fig. 8 in which the oppositelateral edges of the combined fan shaped spray stream of the two nozzlesare indicated by the reference numerals 4-6 and the line of spraydeposit from the opposite fanwise extremities of spray spread of thecomposite spray is indicated at 47, and the reference numeral 48indicates a crosswise strip of the sprayed surface produced by the spraystream of Fig. 8 as it advances across a field in field spraying.

The nozzle of Figs. 1 through 5 is shown in Fig. 9 and indicated by thereference numeral 11, as a nozzle tip of a nozzle assembly whichcomprises a mounting part 49 through which liquid is supplied to thenozzle tip and which has an externally threaded end portion 50 which isengaged by an internally threaded clamping ring 51 which engages theflange 14 of the noule tip 11 and clamps the latter onto the end of thepart 49.

The part 51 is shown as a coupling which is internally threaded at 52for attachment to a supply pipe or the like, but it may be any otherdesired part, as for example, a nozzle barrel having a strainer thereinas in the nozzle of the above mentioned Wahlin Patent No. 2,621,078.

While we have shown and described our invention in a preferred form,various changes and modifications may be made therein without departingfrom the spirit of our invention, the scope of which is to be determinedby the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A spray nozzle of the class described comprising a body which has aforward end and is provided with first and second passageways thereinwhich lead toward said forward end of the body and terminaterespectively in first and second dome shaped ends which bulge towardsaid forward end of the body and are provided with respective first andsecond elongated spray discharge orifices extending down the dome shapedends at the same side thereof and each of which forms the spraydischarge therefrom in a fiat fan shaped spray which combines at onefanwise margin with the fan shaped spray from the other orifice andextends in the opposite fanwise direction therefrom, the first domeshaped end being at a distance beyond the second dome shaped end fromthe forward end of the body and the body being formed with an externalgroove which extends lengthwise of the body at one side thereof and atits bottom intersects the first dome shaped end at one side thereof andprovides said first spray discharge orifice at the place of intersectionof said groove ag -m p with said first dome shaped end and the bodybeing formed at the forward end thereof with an external 'groove whichfaces forwardly therefrom and at its bottom intersects the second domeshaped end and provides said second spray discharge orifice at the placeof intersection of said forwardly facing groove with said second domeshaped end.

2. A spray nozzle as defined in claim 1 in which the first passageway isof larger cross section than the second passageway and the secondpassageway is farther distanct than the fisrt passageway from the sideof the body at which the groove extends lengthwise thereof.

3. A spray nozzle as defined in claim 1 in which the dome shaped end ofthe second passageway is pointed at the top and the orifice whichextends down the side thereof continues upwardly at least to the saidpointed top thereof.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS DayFeb. 23, 1897 Patterson Apr. 4, 1916 Ambrose Mar. 30, 1920 Dezurik Feb.15, 1927 Taylor July 12, 1927 Thompson Oct. 20, 1931 Baldwin Oct. 25,1932 Weatherhead Mar. 6, 1934 McArdle Dec. 15, 1936 Wahlin Dec. 15, 1942White Mar. 21, 1950 Wahlin Nov. 25, 1952 Hegstad Jan. 22, 1957 Corl Jan.22, 1957

